Micro lenses are small lenses, generally with diameters less than a millimetre (mm) and often as small as 10 micrometres (μm). The small sizes of the lenses mean that a simple design can give good optical quality but sometimes unwanted effects arise due to optical diffraction at the small features.
A typical micro lens may be a single element with one plane surface and one spherical convex surface to refract the light. Because micro lenses are so small, the substrate that supports them is usually thicker than the lens and this has to be taken into account in the design. More sophisticated lenses may use aspherical surfaces and others may use several layers of optical material to achieve their design performance.
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